Psychologists have long known that our memory and performance are strengthened when we are faced with obstacles while we are trying to learn.  A few examples of obstacles that actually help us learn are: 1) TESTING (e.g. repeatedly testing your memory on what you’ve learnt instead of only studying); 2) DISFLUENCY (e.g. using study material that is difficult to perceive); and 3) CONTEXT (e.g. changing up the location where people learn).